When an adolescent is experiencing psychological distress as a result of acne,

 During adolescence, acne affects approximately 80% of people (White, 1998). Acne is a particularly difficult disorder for adolescents because it appears during an already psychologically vulnerable developmental stage (Misery, 2011). In a study of 39 adolescent patients with varying acne severity ages 13 to 19 years, patients' subjective perception of severity correlated more strongly with their dissatisfaction with their appearance than the objective clinical severity ratings (Krowchuk et al., 1991).


Acne development before their peers can be socially isolating and lead to early stigmatization for children with an earlier onset of acne (Fried et al., 2010). Furthermore, in a study of 1531 high school students, subjects reported that their acne had changed their daily decisions and actions, such as changing their clothing and hobby choices (Tasoula et al., 2012).

Patients with acne reported significant negative emotional and psychological effects from teasing and bullying in qualitative interviews (Magin et al., 2008). A study of 72 patients with noncystic, mild-to-moderate facial acne discovered that the mean Carroll Rating Scale for Depression score for acne patients as a group was within the clinical depression range (Gupta and Gupta, 1998). In a prospective cohort study of patients aged 13 to 19, more than half felt embarrassed or socially excluded because of their acne. Female patients expressed more embarrassment than male patients. Importantly, after treatment, there were statistically significant improvements in self-concept and anxiety scores. After treatment, 50% of acne patients reported improvement.

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